When it comes to fertility, much of the spotlight tends to fall on women — but male fertility is just as crucial to the success of conception and IVF treatment. Whether you’re starting to plan a family or already on the IVF path, understanding how sperm health works and how you can actively support the process is empowering. This guide offers an evidence-based, stigma-free introduction to male fertility.

Why Male Fertility Matters

Around 40–50% of infertility cases involve a male factor. That’s right — male fertility is a key part of the equation. Fertility isn’t just about sperm count — it’s about quality, movement (motility), and shape (morphology) too.

The Key Factors of Sperm Health:

• Sperm Count: The number of sperm in a sample.

• Motility: How well the sperm can swim toward the egg.

• Morphology: The size and shape of sperm, which affects fertilisation potential.

• DNA Fragmentation: The integrity of the genetic material in sperm — increasingly recognised in fertility testing.

Male Fertility Tests: What to Expect

If you’re undergoing fertility investigations, a semen analysis will likely be one of the first steps. This non-invasive test evaluates:

• Sperm count, motility, and morphology

• Volume and pH of the semen

• Signs of infection or inflammation

In some cases, your clinic might also recommend:

• Hormone blood tests (testosterone, FSH, LH, prolactin)

• Genetic testing (for issues like Y-chromosome microdeletions)

• Scrotal ultrasound (to check for varicoceles or blockages)

• DNA fragmentation testing (particularly useful in unexplained infertility)

Lifestyle and Sperm Health

Sperm production takes around 72–90 days. That means the lifestyle changes you make today can influence your fertility three months from now. Here are key areas to consider:

1. Nutrition & Supplements

A balanced diet rich in antioxidants (vitamins C and E, selenium, zinc) can support sperm quality. Supplements such as Proceive® Men, Wellman Conception, or zinc and folate blends are often recommended.

2. Exercise & Weight

Maintaining a healthy BMI is linked to better sperm parameters. Aim for regular, moderate exercise but avoid intense overtraining which can lower testosterone levels.

3. Avoiding Toxins

• Reduce alcohol intake

• Quit smoking

• Limit exposure to environmental toxins and endocrine disruptors (like BPA in plastics)

• Avoid recreational drugs (especially anabolic steroids)

4. Temperature Matters

Heat negatively affects sperm production. Avoid hot tubs, saunas, and tight underwear if you're trying to conceive.

Male Emotional Support During IVF

IVF can be a deeply emotional journey — not only for the woman going through injections and scans, but also for the partner who may feel helpless or overlooked.

Here’s how men can stay emotionally and practically engaged:

• Attend appointments together where possible

• Ask questions and be part of the decision-making

• Talk openly about your own feelings — male infertility can feel isolating

• Seek counselling if needed (many clinics offer joint or individual support)

When to Seek Help

If you’ve been trying to conceive for over a year (or six months if over age 35), it’s worth seeking help. Even if the initial focus is on female fertility, a semen analysis is a crucial part of the full picture.

Key Takeaway

Male fertility is a vital part of the conception puzzle — and there’s a lot men can do to optimise their chances. From lifestyle changes to emotional involvement, your contribution matters. Whether you’re taking your first steps or already mid-way through IVF, now is the time to get informed and involved.